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Hepatic stellate cells are a significant type of cell which causes liver fibrosis in fibrogenic myofibroblast cells. It is followed by activation in conditions such as chronic alcohol abuse, hepatitis B, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Renewable cell culture models are increasingly needed to faithfully encapsulate there in vivo phénotype, particularly for clinical trials.
Much of the current knowledge of stellate cell behavior is acquired through animal studies and primary culture studies, especially from rats. Cultivated on uncoated plastic, star cells are spontaneously triggered strongly linked to their reaction in vivo.
However, pathways elucidated by mouse models of human hepatic stellate cells must be tested to show their importance to human disease.
Structure
Gold chloride can exclusively stain endothelial cells, but its distinguishing characteristic in standard x-ray preparations is the inclusion of multiple adipocytes in their cytoplasm.
Some Other Names
Before we proceed to explore more about human hepatic stellate cells, let’s first, know some other names of these cells.
· Perisinusoidal Cells
· Ito Cells
· Hepatic Lipocytes
· Hepatic Pericytes
Limitations of Human Hepatic Stellate Cells
The unusual and unexpected amount of human tissue suitable for cell isolation and the small yield and often impurities that characterize these isolates has been a significant limitation of the use of human stellate cells.
One Possible Solution
One solution to solving these problems was to transfer fibroblast-like outgrowths from whole tissue regions, typically representing a heterogeneous mixture of HSCs stimulated with certain forms of hepatic cells which include large endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells.
In addition to variability, the effectiveness of explant outgrowths is restricted by the finite amount of passages that cells experience until immortalized. Besides, human liver isolates differ from ready to prepared, rendering clear comparisons between findings challenging.
Isolation Methods
An accurate way of separating HSC and explicitly classifying HSCs is crucial for a complete knowledge of its human liver physiology and liver disease function. Two primary methods to isolate HSCs from the human liver have been described so far: one is to develop smooth musculature-like cells from liver tissue explants and the other is to use density gradient centrifugation similar to HSC isolation in rodents.
